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November 27, 2024/Innovations

The Virtual Physician's Assistant: How AI and AR are Transforming Healthcare Delivery

By Gerald “Jerry” Wilmink, PhD, MBA, Director, Innovations Business Development and Licensing

Gerald Wilmink, PhD, MBA

At Cleveland Clinic, we're witnessing a remarkable transformation in healthcare delivery through the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and augmented reality (AR) applications. These technologies aren't just enhancing patient care – they're fundamentally reshaping how and where healthcare is delivered, particularly as we emerge from a period that has highlighted the critical need for innovative care delivery solutions.

Bringing Rehabilitation Beyond Hospital Walls

One breakthrough development involves AR technology that's revolutionizing rehabilitation therapy. Through Cleveland Clinic’s partnership with Strolll, a UK-based company specializing in Parkinson's treatment solutions, we've licensed Cleveland Clinic’s Dual-task Augmented Reality Treatment (DART) technology that uses an AR headset to project digital objects onto the real world. This system enables us to provide "dual-task training (DTT)" for patients with Parkinson's disease and other neuromuscular diseases.

The technology creates sophisticated challenges – such as spelling words backward while navigating obstacles – that might seem simple but are carefully designed to improve both cognitive and physical capabilities simultaneously. Our systems automatically capture and analyze gait, balance, and motion data, providing therapists with unprecedented insight into patient progress.

What makes this particularly transformative is that in the future patients will be able to continue their therapy at home. As Strolll further expands its reach to major healthcare systems, we're seeing how this technology can scale to benefit more patients while maintaining the quality of care they would receive in a clinical setting.

AI: Democratizing Medical Expertise

While AR is transforming therapy delivery, our AI algorithms are revolutionizing diagnosis. We've developed automated algorithms that can identify critical conditions like aortic dissections in chest scans – a condition that, while rare, can be fatal if missed. This technology ensures that even hospitals without specialized expertise can provide high-level diagnostic capabilities, effectively democratizing medical expertise.

Our recent work with Tempus, a leader in AI and precision medicine that recently went public, demonstrates the power of AI in personalized medicine. Tempus has licensed a machine-learning-based algorithmic test developed by Timothy A. Chan, MD, PhD, Cleveland Clinic, and published in Nature Biotechnology, that demonstrates an ability to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade based on patient-specific biological, laboratory, genomic, and clinical factors, and adds to their expanding immunotherapy specific biomarker portfolio.

Industry Transformation and Challenges

The healthcare technology landscape is evolving rapidly, particularly in these key areas:

  • Connected devices and Internet of Things applications generating continuous patient data.
  • Sophisticated deep learning models are becoming more accessible and practical.
  • Emergence of generative AI applications in healthcare, from drug discovery to administrative tasks.

However, this transformation comes with its own set of challenges. Healthcare organizations are working to determine the best ways to validate algorithms across diverse datasets, navigate regulatory requirements, and integrate these tools effectively into clinical workflows. There's also the ongoing question of how to package and monetize these digital assets in a way that makes them sustainable while ensuring broad access to care.

Looking Ahead

As we move forward, we're seeing increased focus on several key areas:

  • Reducing physician burnout through AI-powered ambient scribe systems that can cut administrative tasks and clinical documentation time, which currently consume a substantial amount of a physician's hours per week.
  • Expanding extended reality (XR) applications for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
  • Developing advanced imaging algorithms that augment diagnostic capabilities.
  • Creating better systems for data capture and analysis for personalized treatment plans.

Our goal isn't to replace human caregivers but to augment their capabilities and extend their reach. Cleveland Clinic's partnerships with innovative companies and our internal development efforts are focused on making healthcare more accessible, precise, and personalized than ever before. As we continue to advance these technologies, we're not just improving individual tools and treatments – we're fundamentally reimagining how healthcare can be delivered in the 21st century.

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